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            <title>Fragment of the <title xml:lang="sa">Vahnipurāṇa śiber upākhyāna</title></title>
            
         <editor><persName>Charles LI</persName><orgName>CNRS, CIAS, UMR 8564</orgName></editor></titleStmt>
         <publicationStmt>
            <publisher>TST Project</publisher>
            <date>2023</date>
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                     <orgName>Bibliothèque nationale de France. Département des Manuscrits</orgName>
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                  <idno type="shelfmark">Sanscrit 1442.2</idno>
                  <idno type="alternate"><idno>Cordier non-médicine sans numéro</idno></idno>
               
                
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                  <summary><p>This manuscript is part of an assortment of three fragments found with Sanscrit 1347. This single folio contains a fragment of the well-known fable of the hawk and the dove (<title xml:lang="sa">śyenakapotīya</title>), versions of which are attested in a number of Sanskrit and Tamil texts, as well as Chinese translations of lost Buddhist texts. In the story, a hawk is persuing a dove, who seeks refuge with a king. The king protects the dove, and, in order to placate the hawk, offers up his own flesh instead.</p>
<p>The version told here, in verse, occupies folio 18 of an unidentified manuscript, but the story matches the text of chapter 65 of the <title xml:lang="sa">Vahnipurāṇa</title>, titled <title xml:lang="sa">śiber upākhyāna</title>, the story of King Śibi. The speech of the hawk closely parallels the story as told in the <title xml:lang="sa">Āraṇyakaparvan</title> of the <title xml:lang="sa">Mahābhārata</title> (ed. Sukthankar 1942, <ref target="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.327550/page/427/mode/1up">427ff</ref>). On the other hand, most of the edifying verses spoken by the king are paralleled in stories 11 and 13 of the <q>southern recension</q> of the <title xml:lang="sa">Vikramacarita</title> (ed. Edgerton 1926, <ref target="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.183000/page/n111/mode/1up">102ff</ref>), which are unrelated to this fable.</p>
<p>The text was critically edited and translated in <ref target="https://doi.org/10.18573/alt.58">2023</ref>, on the basis of this manuscript, an existing edition, and quotations found in other texts.</p></summary>
                  
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                     <foliation>Numbered 18 in the right margin, verso. The Nepalese letter-numerals in the left margin are damaged.</foliation><condition>Some wear around the edges.</condition></supportDesc>
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                  <desc type="stamp" subtype="end">On the <locus facs="7">verso</locus> side, a <q xml:lang="fr">Bibliothèque nationale</q> stamp, 20 mm in diameter.</desc><desc type="shelfmark" subtype="end marginal bottom">On the <locus facs="7">verso</locus> side, the shelfmark is written in pencil: <q xml:lang="fr">Sanscrit 1442 n<hi rend="superscript">o</hi> 2</q>.</desc></additions><bindingDesc>
                     <binding><p>Stringhole 135 mm from left edge.</p><decoNote type="stringhole"><measure unit="stringhole" quantity="1"/></decoNote></binding>
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               <origin>
                     <origDate calendar="gregorian" notAfter="1200" notBefore="1000"/>
                     
                  </origin><provenance><p>Part of the collection of <persName role="collector">Palmyr Cordier</persName>.</p></provenance><acquisition><p>Acquired for the BnF by <persName role="collector">Jean Filliozat</persName>.</p></acquisition></history>
               <additional>
                  <listBibl>
                     
                  <bibl>van Buitenen, Johannes. A., trans. 1975. <title>The Mahābhārata: Book 2, The Book of the Assembly Hall; Book 3, The Book of the Forest</title>. Chicago: Univerity of Chicago Press.</bibl><bibl><persName xml:lang="fr">Cabaton, Antoine</persName>. 1907-1908. <title xml:lang="fr">Catalogue sommaire des manuscrits sanscrits avec supplément manuscrit</title>. Paris: E. Leroux. Supplemented by <persName xml:lang="fr">Jean Filliozat</persName>. <ref target="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10536321f/f253.item">317</ref>.</bibl><bibl>Edgerton, Franklin, ed. &amp; trans. 1926. <title>Vikrama's adventures, or the thirty-two tales of the throne</title>. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.</bibl><bibl>Filliozat, Jean. 1934. <title>État des manuscrits sanscrits, bengalis et tibétains de la collection Palmyr Cordier</title>. Paris: Imprimerie nationale.</bibl><bibl>Li, Charles. 2023. <title type="article">King Śibi in the <emph rend="italic">Vahnipurāṇa</emph>: a critical edition and translation of the <emph rend="italic">śiber upākhyāna</emph>.</title> <title>Asian Literature and Translation</title> 10(1): 1-46. <ref target="https://doi.org/10.18573/alt.58">doi:10.18573/alt.58</ref> <ref target="https://tst-project.github.io/siberupakhyana/">tst-project.github.io/siberupakhyana/</ref></bibl><bibl>Gaál, Balázs. 2017. <title type="article">King Śibi in the East and the West: Following the Flight of a Suppliant Dove</title>. <title>International Journal of the Classical Tradition</title> 24: 1–34. <ref target="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12138-016-0429-z">doi:10.1007/s12138-016-0429-z</ref>.</bibl><bibl>Sukthankar, Vishnu S., ed. 1954. <title>The Mahābhārata</title>, volume 3. Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute.</bibl></listBibl>
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      <change when="2022-03">First version.</change><change when="2023-03">Added information about the edition.</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader>
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    <l><pb n="18r" facs="6"/><seg function="incipit"><gap reason="lost"/>ṇinān tathā |</seg></l>
    <l>tasmāt mṛtyubhayatrastās trātavyāḥ prāṇino budhaiḥ |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.16">
    <l>janmamṛtyujarāduḥkhāt nityaṃ <sic>sa</sic>sārasāgare |</l>
    <l>jantavaḥ parikliṣyanti mṛtyo<lb n="2"/>s trasyanti te pi ca |</l>
  </lg>
  <ab>
  <add place="top"><lg corresp="#VP65.17">
    <l><gap reason="lost"/>bhavec chokas trāso vā krodha eva <unclear>vā</unclear> |</l>
      <l>āyāso vā yato mūlaṃm ekāṅgam api saṃtyajet |</l>
  </lg></add>
  </ab>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.18">
    <l>mariṣyāmīti yad duḥkhaṃ puruṣasyopajāyate |</l>
    <l>yuktas tenānumānena paro pi parirakṣitum ||</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.19">
    <l>yathā hi te jīvitam ātmanaḥ pri<lb n="3"/>yaṃ tathā pareṣām api jīvitaṃ priyaṃ |</l>
    <l>saṃrakṣase jīvitam ātmano yathā tathā pareṣām api rakṣa jīvitaṃ |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.20">
    <l>tasmān nāham imaṃ bhītam a<unclear>vyayi¦<lb n="4"/>ṣye</unclear> kapotakaṃ |</l>
    <l>yad atra manyase yuktaṃ vaktuṃ  <subst><del>se</del><add>śye</add></subst>nā<subst><del>su</del><add>śu</add></subst> tad vada ||</l>
  </lg>
  <p corresp="#VP65-p2">śyena uvāca ||</p>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.21">
    <l>āhārāt sarvvabhūtāni sambhavanti janeśvara |</l>
    <l>āhāreṇa vivarddhante <lb n="5"/>tena jīvanti caiva hi |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.22">
    <l>śakyate na vinā tena dinamātro pi jīvituṃ |</l>
    <l>śakyate <subst><del>tai</del><add place="bottom">nnai</add></subst>r vināpy arthai rājan_ varttayituṃ ciraṃ | </l>
    <l><add place="top">nanv āhārair vvihīne na śakyaṃ varttayituṃ ciraṃ ||</add></l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.23">
    <l>bhakṣād vilopitasyādya ma<lb n="6"/>ma prāṇā viśām pate |</l>
    <l>visṛjya kāyaṃ yāsyanti panthānam apunarbhavaṃ |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.24">
    <l>mṛte ca mayi sarvvaṃ me putradāraṃ vina<subst><del>s</del><add>ś</add></subst>yati |</l>
    <l>rakṣamānaḥ kapotaṃ tvaṃ bahūn prāṇān na ra¦<pb n="18v" facs="7"/>kṣasi  |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.25">
    <l>dharmmaṃ yo bādhate dharmmo na sa dharmmaḥ parantapa<del>ḥ</del> |</l>
    <l>avirodhī tu yo dharmmaḥ sa dharmma sadbhir ucyate |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.26">
    <l>tasmād viro<unclear>dhe</unclear> dharmmasya niścitya gurulā<unclear>ghā</unclear>vaṃ |</l>
    <l><lb n="2"/>yataḥ śriyas tato rājan kuru dharmmavinirṇṇayaṃ ||</l>
  </lg>
  <p corresp="#VP65-p3">rājovāca ||</p>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.28">
    <l>nāto bhūyaḥ paro dharmmaḥ kaścid anyo sti khecara |</l>
    <l>prāṇināṃ bhayabhītānām abhayaṃ ya<lb n="3"/>t pradīyate |</l>
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  <lg corresp="#VP65.29">
    <l>varam ekasya satvasya dattā hy abhayadakṣiṇā |</l>
    <l>na tu¦ viprasahasrasya gosahasram alaṃkṛtaṃ |</l>
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  <lg corresp="#VP65.32">
    <l>abhayaṃ sarvvabhūtebhyo yo dadāti da¦<lb n="4"/>yāparaḥ |</l>
    <l>tasya dehād vi<subst><del>mu</del><add>yu</add></subst>ktasya bhayan nāsti kutaścana |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.30">
    <l>hemadhenudha<subst>r<del rend="implied">a</del><add place="above">ā</add></subst>dīnāṃ dātāraḥ sulabhā bhuvi |</l>
    <l>durlabhaḥ puruṣo loke sarvvabhūtābha<lb n="5"/>yapradaḥ |</l>
  </lg>
  <lg corresp="#VP65.31">
    <l>mahatām api yajñānāṃ kālena kṣīyate phalaṃ |</l>
    <l>bhītābhayapradānasya kṣaya eva na vidyate |</l>
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  <lg corresp="#VP65.33">
    <l>dattam iṣṭaṃ <unclear>hu</unclear>taṃ taptaṃ tīrthasevāśrūtan ta¦<lb n="6"/>thā |</l>
    <l>sarvāṇy abhayadānasya <subst>k<del>ā</del><add rend="implied">a</add></subst>lāṃ nā<unclear>rpā</unclear>nti ṣoḍaśīṃḥ |</l>
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  <lg corresp="#VP65.34">
    <l>catuḥsāgaraparyantāṃ yo dadyāt pṛthivīm imāṃ |</l>
    <l><seg function="explicit"><subst><del>satvebhyo hy abhayaṃ yac ca</del><add>yajec ca sarvvayajñais tu</add></subst> ta<subst><del rend="implied">yo</del><add place="below">yo</add></subst>r abhayado dhikaḥ |</seg></l>
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